Short Name: | Johann Anastasius Freylinghausen |
Full Name: | Freylinghausen, Johann Anastasius, 1670-1739 |
Birth Year: | 1670 |
Death Year: | 1739 |
Freylinghausen, Johann Anastasius, son of Dietrich Freylinghausen, merchant and burgomaster at Gandersheim, Brunswick, was born at Gandersheim, Dec. 2, 1670. He entered the University of Jena at Easter, 1689. Attracted by the preaching of A. H. Francke and J. J. Breithaupt, he removed to Erfurt in 1691, and at Easter, 1692, followed them to Halle. About the end of 1693 he returned to Gandersheim, and employed himself as a private tutor. In 1695 he went to Glaucha as assistant to Francke; and when Francke became pastor of St. Ulrich's, in Halle,1715, Freylinghausen became his colleague, and in the same year married his only daughter. In 1723 he became also sub-director of the Paedagogium and the Orphanage; and after Francke's death in 1727, succeeded him as pastor of St. Ulrich's and director of the Francke Institutions. Under his fostering care these Institutions attained their highest development. From a stroke of paralysis in 1728, and a second in 1730, he recovered in great measure, but a third in 1737 crippled his right side, while the last, in Nov., 1738, left him almost helpless. He died on Feb. 12, 1739, and was buried beside Francke (Koch, vi. 322-334; Allgemine Deutsche Biographie, vii. 370-71; Bode, pp. 69-70; Grote's Introduction, &c.)
Almost all Freylinghausen's hymns appeared in his own hymnbook, which was the standard collection of the Halle school, uniting the best productions of Pietism with a good representation of the older "classical" hymns. This work, which greatly influenced later collections, and was the source from which many editors drew not only the hymns of Pietism, but also the current forms of the earlier hymns (as well as the new "Halle" melodies, a number of which are ascribed to Freylinghausen himself) appeared in two parts, viz.:—
i. Geistreiches Gesang-Buch, den Kern alter und neuer Lieder...in sich haltend &c, Halle. Gedrucktund verlegt im Waysen-Hause, 1704 [Hamburg], with 683 hymns and 173 melodies. To the second edition, 1705 [Rostock University], an Appendix was added with Hymns 684-758, and 21 melodies. Editions 3-18 are practically the same so far as the hymns are concerned, save that in ed. 11, 1719 [Berlin], and later issues, four hymns, written by J. J. Rambach at Freylinghausen's request, replaced four of those in eds. 1-10.
ii. Neues Geistreiches Gesangbuch,&c, Halle . . . 1714 [Berlin], with 815 hymns and 154 melodies. In the 2nd edition, 1719 [Rostock University], Hymns 816-818, with one melody, were added.
In 1741 these two parts were combined by G. A. Francke, seven hymns being added, all but one taken from the first edition, 1718, of the so-called Auszug, which was compiled for congregational use mainly from the original two parts: and this reached a second, and last, edition in 1771. So far as the melodies are concerned, the edition of 1771 is the most complete, containing some 600 to 1582 hymns. (Further details of these editions in the Blätter für Hymnologie, 1883, pp. 44-46, 106-109; 1885, pp. 13-14.) A little volume of notes on the hymns and hymnwriters of the 1771 edition, compiled by J. H. Grischow and completed by J. G. Kirchner, and occasionally referred to in these pages, appeared as Kurzgefasste Nachricht von ältern und ncuern Liederverfassern at Halle, 1771.
As a hymnwriter Freylinghausen ranks not only as the best of the Pietistic school, but as the first among his contemporaries. His finest productions are distinguished by a sound and robust piety, warmth of feeling depth of Christian experience, scripturalness, clearness and variety of style, which gained for them wide acceptance, and have kept them still in popular use. A complete edition of his 44 hymns, with a biographical introduction by Ludwig Grote, appeared as his Geistliche Lieder, at Halle, 1855. A number of them, including No. v., are said to have been written during severe attacks of toothache. Two (“Auf, auf, weil der Tag erschienen"; "Der Tag ist hin") are noted under their own first lines.
i. Hymns in English common use: --
i. Monarche aller Ding. God's Majesty. 1714, as above, No. 139, in 11 stanzas of 6 lines, repeated in Grote, 1855, p. 88, and as No. 38 in the Berlin Geistliche Lieder, ed. 1863. A fine hymn of Praise, on the majesty and love of God. Translated as:—
Monarch of all, with lowly fear, by J. Wesley, in Hymns & Sacred Poems, 1739 (P. Works, 1868-1872, vol. i. p. 104), in 8 stanzas of 4 lines, from st. i., ii., v.-vii., ix.-xi. Repeated in full in the Moravian Hymnbook, 1754, pt. i., No. 456 (1886, No. 176); and in J. A. Latrobe's Collection, 1841. The following forms of this translation are also in common use:--
(1) To Thee, 0 Lord, with humble fear, being Wesley's st. i., iii.-v., vii., viii. altered as No. 156 in Dr. Martineau's Hymns for Christian Church & Home, 1840, and repeated in Miss Courtauld's Psalms, Hymns & Anthems, 1860, and in America in the Cheshire Association Unitarian Collection, 1844.
(2) Thou, Lord, of all the parent art, Wesley's, st. iii.-v., vii. altered in the College Hymnal, N. Y., 1876.
(3) Thou, Lord, art Light; Thy native ray, Wesley's st. iv., v., vii., in Hymns of the Spirit, 1864.
ii. 0 reines Wesen, lautre Quelle. Penitence. Founded on Psalm li. 12, 1714, as above, No. 321, in 7 stanzas of 8 lines, repeated in Grote, 1855, p. 41, and in Bunsen's Versuch, 1833, No. 777 (ed. 1881, No. 435). The only translation in common use is:—
Pure Essence: Spotless Fount of Light. A good and full translation by Miss Winkworth in the first series of her Lyra Germanica, 1855, p. 43, and in her Chorale Book for England, 1863, No. 113.
iii. Wer ist wohl wie du. Names and offices of Christ. One of his noblest and most beautiful hymns, a mirror of his inner life, and one of the finest of the German "Jesus Hymns." 1704, as above, No. 66, in 14 st. of 6 l., repeated in Grote, 1855, p. 33, and is No. 96 in the Berlin Geistliche Lieder, ed. 1863. The translations in common use are:
1. 0 Jesu, source of calm repose, by J. Wesley, being a free translation of st. i., iii., v., viii., xiii. First published in his Psalms & Hymns, Charlestown, 1737 (Poetical Works, 1868-1872, vol. i. p. 161). Repeated in full as No. 462 in pt. i. of the Moravian Hymnbook, 1754. In the 1826 and later editions (1886, No. 233) it begins, "Jesus, Thou source." The original form was included as No. 49 in the Wesley Hymns & Spiritual Songs , 1753, and, as No. 343, in the Wesley Hymnbook, 1780 (1875, No. 353). Varying centos under the original first line are found in Mercer's Church Psalter & Hymn Book, 1855-1864; Kennedy , 1863; Irish Church Hymnal, 1869-1873; J. L. Porter's Collection, 1876, &c. It has also furnished the following centos:—
(1) Messiah! Lord! rejoicing still, being Wesley's st. iv.-vi. altered in Dr. Martineau's Collection of Hymns for Christian Worship, 1840.
(2) Lord over all, sent to fulfil, Wesley's st. iv., iii., v., vi. in the American Methodist Episcopal Hymnbook, 1849.
2. Who is like Thee, Who? a translation of st. i., ii., v., vii., x., xiii., as No. 687, in pt. i. of the Moravian Hymnbook, 1754. Translations of st. xi., xiv. were added in 1789, and the first line altered in 1801(1886, No. 234), to "Jesus, who with Thee." The translations of st. i., ii., x., xiv., from the 1801, altered and beginning, "Jesus, who can be," are included in America in the Dutch Reformed Hymns of the Church, 1869; Hymns & Songs of Praise, N. Y., 1874; and Richards's Collection, N.Y., 1881.
3. Who is there like Thee, a good translation of st. i., ii., viii., xiv., by J. S. Stallybrass, as No. 234 in Curwen's Sabbath Hymnbook, 1859, repeated in the Irish Church Hymnal, 1873, and in W. F. Stevenson's Hymns for Church & Home, 1873.
4. Who is, Jesus blest, a translation of stanzas i., ii., v., vi., xii., xiv., by M. Loy, in the Ohio Lutheran Hymnal, 1880.
5. Who, as Thou, makes blest, a good translation, omitting st. vii., ix., x., contributed by Dr. F. W Gotch to the Baptist Magazine, 1857. Repeated in the 1880 Supplement to the Baptist Psalms & Hymns, 1858.
The translations not in common use are: —
(1) "Whither shall we flee," by Miss Dunn, 1857, p. 55. (2) "Who has worth like Thine," in the U. P. Juvenile Miss. Magazine, 1857, p. 217. (3) "Thou art First and Best," by Miss Winkworth, 1869, p. 267.
ii. Hymns translated into English but not in common use:—
iv. Herr und Gott der Tag und Nächte. Evening. 1705, as above, No. 755, in 6 stanzas, Grote, p. 105. Translated by H. J. Buckoll, 1842, p. 106, beginning with stanza. ii.
v. Mein Herz, gieb dioh rufrieden. Cross and Consolation. First in the Halle Stadt Gesangbuch, 1711, No. 503, in 11 stanzas; repeated 1714, No. 450, and in Grote, p. 71. Translated by Dr. G. Walker, 1860, p. 86.
vi. 0 Lamm, das keine Sünde je beflecket. Passiontide. 1714, No. 85, in 19 stanzas, Grote, p. 14. Translated as, (1) "Lamb, for Thy boundless love I praises offer," of st. xii. as stanza i. of No. 1023 in the Supplement of 1808 to the Moravian Hymn Book, 1801 (1849, No. 121). (2) "O Lamb, whom never spot of sin defiled," in the British Magazine, June, 1838, p. 625.
vii. 0 Lamm, das meine Sündenlast getragen. Easter Eve. 1714, No. 95, in 8 stanzas; Grote, p. 23. Translated as "Christ Jesus is that precious grain," a translation of st. v. by F. W. Foster, as No. 71 in the Moravian Hymnbook, 1789 (1886, No. 921).
viii. Zu dir, Herr Jesu, komme ich. Penitence. Founded on St. Matthew xi. 28-30. 1714, as above, No. 306, in 4 stanzas; Grote, p. 39. Translated by Dr. H. Mills, 1845 (1856, p. 80). [Rev. James Mearns, M.A.]
--John Julian, Dictionary of Hymnology (1907)
Tunes by Johann Anastasius Freylinghausen (46) | As | Instances | Incipit |
---|---|---|---|
[Akmens ir novelts] | Johann Anastasius Freylinghausen (Composer) | 1 | 56532 14453 21 |
BETHANIA | Freylinghausen (Composer) | 2 | 56512 34225 67165 |
FESTUS | Johann Anastasius Freylinghausen (Composer) | 4 | 51765 62433 25325 |
BRIESEN | Rev. Johann A. Freylinghausen, 1670-1739 (Composer) | 4 | 31565 43162 17654 |
DAS IST MEINE FREUDE | Johannes Anastasius Freylinghausen, 1670-1739 (Composer) | 4 | 15316 71323 64525 |
DAYSPRING (55112) | Rev. Johann A. Freylinghausen, 1670-1739 (Composer) | 2 | 55112 23232 17655 |
DEN DES VATERS SINN GEBOREN | J. A. Freylinghausen, 1670-1739 (Composer) | 5 | 12345 53165 43221 |
DER LIEBEN SONNE LICHT UND PRACHT (51324) | J. A. Freylinghausen, 1670-1739 (Composer) | 1 | 51324 31754 34532 |
[Der niedern Menschheit Hülle] | Freylinghausen (Composer) | 3 | 51123 43321 76765 |
DIR DIR JEHOVAH | Johann Anastasius Freylinghausen (Composer) | 9 | 51566 54321 23456 |
DU LEBENSBROT, HERR JESU CHRIST | Johann Anastasius Freylinghausen, 1670-1739 (Adapter) | 1 | 51236 22756 71321 |
EINS IST NOT (Krieger) | J. A. Freylinghausen, 1670-1739 (Composer) | 2 | 55671 17766 53421 |
ES IST VOLLBRACHT (Freylinghausen) | Johann Anastasius Freylinghausen (Composer) | 2 | 13215 45332 31321 |
HOLY LORD (Schmidt) | Freylinghausen (Composer) | 5 | 12345 67132 12321 |
FRANCKE | J. A. Freylinghausen, 1670-1739 (Composer) | 6 | 11235 44535 67155 |
GOTT SEI DANK | Johann Anastasius Freylinghausen (Composer) | 40 | 13556 71725 76655 |
GUIDING STAR (Freylinghausen) | Johann Anastasius Freylinghausen (Composer) | 4 | 17656 24325 34561 |
GUTER HIRTE | Johann Anastasius Freylinghausen (Composer) | 2 | 15432 17113 34565 |
HALLE (Freylinghausen) | Johann A. Freylinghausen (Composer) | 3 | 51324 32155 34532 |
HAMRURG (Freylinghausen) | Freylinghausen (Composer) | 2 | 51231 76557 12212 |
FREYLINGHAUSEN | Johann Freylinghausen, 1670-1739 (Composer) | 5 | 15654 35623 21315 |
O EWIGKEIT | Freylinghausen (Composer) | 1 | 13455 67113 45543 |
SCHWING DICH AUF (13556) | Freylinghausen (Composer) | 2 | 13556 71712 32113 |
JESUS IST DAS SCHÖNSTE LICHT | Johann Anastasius Freylinghausen, 1670-1739 (Composer) | 3 | 32345 65443 33211 |
[Lobe den Herren! o meine Seele] | Johann Anastasius Freylinghausen (Composer) | 1 | 15117 12343 22234 |
MACHT HOCH DIE TÜR (Freylinghausen) | Johann Anastasius Freylinghausen (Composer) | 21 | 35432 12325 44332 |
RICHTER | Johann Anastasius Freylinghausen (Composer) | 6 | 12345 56543 14322 |
MONKLAND | Johann Anastasius Frelinghausen, 1670-1739 (Composer) | 4 | 13534 56713 32176 |
[Morgenglanz der Ewigkeit] (Ahle) | Johann Anastasius Freylinghausen (Composer) | 11 | 32156 43317 67176 |
NUN NIM MEIN HERZ | Johann Anastasius Freylinghausen (Composer) | 2 | 15535 67127 25566 |
[Nur frisch hinein, es wird so tief nicht sein] | Freylinghausen (Composer) | 2 | 51563 45123 21325 |
O DURCHBRECHER | Johann Anastasius Freylinghausen (Composer) | 3 | 12323 45511 71765 |
[Hvo ved, hvor naer mig er min ende] | Freylinghausen (Composer) | 1 | 11566 54313 4325 |
POSEN | J. A. Freylinghausen (Arranger) | 19 | 11112 34355 55671 |
NICHT SO TRAURIG (Bach) | Johann Anastasius Freylinghausen (Composer) | 1 | 32154 32347 1 |
REJOICE (Freylinghausen) | Johann Anastasius Freylinghausen (Composer) | 7 | 13152 32135 55432 |
MEIN JESU, DEM DIE SERAPHINEN | Freylinghausen (Composer) | 3 | 56712 32113 23176 |
SCEPTER | Rev. J. A. Freylinghausen, 1670-1739 (Composer) | 4 | 51234 32151 23432 |
SEBASTIAN (Freylinghausen) | J. A. Freylinghausen (Composer) | 2 | 32433 21332 34432 |
SEELE, DU MUSST MUNTER WERDEN (13455) | Johann Anastasius Freylinghausen (Composer) | 2 | 13455 65431 43223 |
SEELE, DU MUSST MUNTER WERDEN (12343) | Freylinghausen (Composer) | 1 | 12343 21171 22554 |
SEELENBRÄUTIGAM | Freylinghausen (Alterer) | 2 | 11712 12321 34543 |
SPRINGS OF SALVATION | Rev. J. A. Freylinghausen (Composer) | 2 | 12334 55566 71123 |
TREFECA | Freylinghausen (Composer) | 2 | 12315 53125 36545 |
UNSER HERRSCHER | Johann A. Freylinghausen (Composer) | 4 | 12313 45517 65322 |
[Wie gross ist des Allmächt'gen Güte] (Freylinghausen) | Johann A. Freylingshausen, 1670-1739 (Composer) | 2 | 51231 55313 25365 |